Population
Besides Islam, another important characteristic of Egyptian
society is the social stratification that exists among rural as
well as urban Egyptians. This is the al-khassa al-amma cultural
system. On one hand there is the khassa, or the establishment
that tries to impose cultural values. On the other hand there
is amma, which is based on distribution of welfare among the
masses and more common among the youth. The khassa sys-
tem is more prevalent among rural communities, where local
administrations and laws are important and often dictate the
lives of the common citizen. There exists a constant struggle
between the more established and older khassa and the pro-
gressive amma ideologies of local people, especially the West-
ernized youth. Many Egyptians associate this with the legacy of
British colonization and close proximity to Europe resulting in
a sharp cultural clash between tradition-bound Islamic soci-
ety and European lifestyles and values. In this regard,
Besides Islam, another important characteristic of Egyptian
society is the social stratification that exists among rural as
well as urban Egyptians. This is the al-khassa al-amma cultural
system. On one hand there is the khassa, or the establishment
that tries to impose cultural values. On the other hand there
is amma, which is based on distribution of welfare among the
masses and more common among the youth. The khassa sys-
tem is more prevalent among rural communities, where local
administrations and laws are important and often dictate the
lives of the common citizen. There exists a constant struggle
between the more established and older khassa and the pro-
gressive amma ideologies of local people, especially the West-
ernized youth. Many Egyptians associate this with the legacy of
British colonization and close proximity to Europe resulting in
a sharp cultural clash between tradition-bound Islamic soci-
ety and European lifestyles and values. In this regard,
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