WEATHER AND CLIMATE
Egypt has a hot desert climate. Because the country is in the
lower middle latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, the high-
est temperatures are in the summer months of June through
August, and the coldest period is December through Febru-
ary. From north to south across Egypt, there are three climatic
zones. The Mediterranean coast belt gets between three and
eight inches (76 to 203 millimeters) of rain each year and has a
January average low temperature of 48°F (9°C) and an average
July maximum temperature of 86°F (30°C). The Middle Egypt
belt (southward to about 29 degrees north latitude) gets only
up to about 1½ inches (38 millimeters) of rain yearly (in Cairo)
and has only slightly higher temperatures than the Mediter-
ranean zone. The Upper (to the south, from which the Nile
flows) Egypt belt, where rainfall is scarce indeed, typically gets
between no rainfall to one-tenth of an inch (three millimeters)
per year. People living anywhere in the eastern two-thirds of
the United States get far more rain from a single thunderstorm
than southern (Upper) Egypt will get in 10 years. It is hot there,
too: At the southern Nile city of Aswan, the average July high is
a torrid 108°F (42°C). However, winter nights can also be cool:
The average low temperature in January is 49°F (9.3°C). Dur-
ing the season the Egyptians call khamsin (meaning 50 days),
from March through May, hot Saharan winds cause sandstorms
across the country, making even northern cities like Cairo feel
Aswan-like for a few days.
Egypt has a hot desert climate. Because the country is in the
lower middle latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, the high-
est temperatures are in the summer months of June through
August, and the coldest period is December through Febru-
ary. From north to south across Egypt, there are three climatic
zones. The Mediterranean coast belt gets between three and
eight inches (76 to 203 millimeters) of rain each year and has a
January average low temperature of 48°F (9°C) and an average
July maximum temperature of 86°F (30°C). The Middle Egypt
belt (southward to about 29 degrees north latitude) gets only
up to about 1½ inches (38 millimeters) of rain yearly (in Cairo)
and has only slightly higher temperatures than the Mediter-
ranean zone. The Upper (to the south, from which the Nile
flows) Egypt belt, where rainfall is scarce indeed, typically gets
between no rainfall to one-tenth of an inch (three millimeters)
per year. People living anywhere in the eastern two-thirds of
the United States get far more rain from a single thunderstorm
than southern (Upper) Egypt will get in 10 years. It is hot there,
too: At the southern Nile city of Aswan, the average July high is
a torrid 108°F (42°C). However, winter nights can also be cool:
The average low temperature in January is 49°F (9.3°C). Dur-
ing the season the Egyptians call khamsin (meaning 50 days),
from March through May, hot Saharan winds cause sandstorms
across the country, making even northern cities like Cairo feel
Aswan-like for a few days.
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