Sorghum serves as food for the people and as animal feed. Its nutrient
content is higher than that of the maize with which it competes: it contains
30 per cent more calories, and the protein and fat production per acre is
higher than for all other types of grain grown in Egypt (Simons 1968: 124).
Among the different types of grain produced in Egypt, sorghum ranked in
fourth place after maize, wheat and rice with a production of 1,328,000 tons
in 2000/01 (Ministry of Information 2002a). Since it requires relatively high
temperatures it is mainly cultivated in Upper Egypt. In 1985–87 the areas on
which sorghum was grown were in the governorates of Sohag (40 per cent),
Asyut (33.9 per cent), and El-Faiyum (12.5 per cent), as well as El-Minya,
Beni Suef and Giza (together 13.6 per cent). Before the construction of the
Aswan High Dam more sorghum was cultivated in the nili period (August to
December) than today (1960–63: 11.5 per cent; Simons 1968: 134); it is now
mostly cultivated in the seifi period (March to July) (1996–99: 97.1 per cent;
CAPMAS 2000: 40ff ).
Barley
When Napoleon conquered Egypt in 1798 the scientists who accompanied
his army described barley as the most common field crop in the country. From
then the area on which it was cultivated shrank drastically, reaching its mini-
mum at only 88,100 feddans in 1988. During the following years it increased
again and was at 172,000 feddans in 2000/01. The cultivation of barley has
been shifted to desert areas, where it is grown as a pioneer cultivation plant
on newly reclaimed land which has sandy saline soils lacking in humus
content is higher than that of the maize with which it competes: it contains
30 per cent more calories, and the protein and fat production per acre is
higher than for all other types of grain grown in Egypt (Simons 1968: 124).
Among the different types of grain produced in Egypt, sorghum ranked in
fourth place after maize, wheat and rice with a production of 1,328,000 tons
in 2000/01 (Ministry of Information 2002a). Since it requires relatively high
temperatures it is mainly cultivated in Upper Egypt. In 1985–87 the areas on
which sorghum was grown were in the governorates of Sohag (40 per cent),
Asyut (33.9 per cent), and El-Faiyum (12.5 per cent), as well as El-Minya,
Beni Suef and Giza (together 13.6 per cent). Before the construction of the
Aswan High Dam more sorghum was cultivated in the nili period (August to
December) than today (1960–63: 11.5 per cent; Simons 1968: 134); it is now
mostly cultivated in the seifi period (March to July) (1996–99: 97.1 per cent;
CAPMAS 2000: 40ff ).
Barley
When Napoleon conquered Egypt in 1798 the scientists who accompanied
his army described barley as the most common field crop in the country. From
then the area on which it was cultivated shrank drastically, reaching its mini-
mum at only 88,100 feddans in 1988. During the following years it increased
again and was at 172,000 feddans in 2000/01. The cultivation of barley has
been shifted to desert areas, where it is grown as a pioneer cultivation plant
on newly reclaimed land which has sandy saline soils lacking in humus
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